Go语言-http请求

摘要

本文部分内容来源于网络，个人收集整理，请勿传播

Go语言封装Http协议GET和POST请求

resp, err := http.Get("http://example.com/")
...
  
//参数 详解
//1. 请求的目标 URL 
//2. 将要 POST 数据的资源类型(MIMEType)
//3. 数据的比特流([]byte形式)
resp, err := http.Post("http://example.com/upload", "image/jpeg", &buf)
...
  
//参数 详解
//1. 请求的目标 URL 
//2. 提交的参数值 可以使用 url.Values 或者 使用 strings.NewReader("key=value&id=123")
// 注意，也可以 url.Value 和 strings.NewReader 并用 strings.NewReader(url.Values{}.Encode())
resp, err := http.PostForm("http://example.com/form",
 url.Values{"key": {"Value"}, "id": {"123"}})

GET

func httpGet() {
    resp, err := http.Get("https://c.isme.pub")
    if err != nil {
        // handle error
    }
 
    defer resp.Body.Close()
    body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    if err != nil {
        // handle error
    }
 
    fmt.Println(string(body))
}

POST

一般请求

// url参数
func httpPost() {
    resp, err := http.Post("https://c.isme.pub",
        "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
        strings.NewReader("name=cjb"))
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }
 
    defer resp.Body.Close()
    body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    if err != nil {
        // handle error
    }
    fmt.Println(string(body))
}

表单提交

func httpPostForm() {
    postValue := url.Values{
        "email": {"xx@xx.com"},
        "password": {"123456"},
    }
    resp, err := http.PostForm("https://c.isme.pub", postValue)
 
    if err != nil {
        // handle error
    }
 
    defer resp.Body.Close()
    body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    if err != nil {
        // handle error
    }
    fmt.Println(string(body))
}

图片上传

resp, err := http.Post("http://example.com/upload", "image/jpeg", &buf)
if err != nil {
// handle error
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 
if err != nil {
// handle error
}
 
fmt.Println(string(body))

扩展 Post 表单提交（包括 Header 设置）

func httpDo() {
    postValue := url.Values{
        "email": {"xx@xx.com"},
        "password": {"123456"},
    }
    postString := postValue.Encode()
 
    req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://c.isme.pub", strings.NewReader(postString))
    if err != nil {
        // handle error
    }
 
    // 这种方法是参数直接在header里面的
    req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
    req.Header.Add("x-requested-with", "XMLHttpRequest")
    req.Header.Set("Cookie", "name=anny")
    
    client := &http.Client{}
    resp, err := client.Do(req)
 
    defer resp.Body.Close()
 
    body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    if err != nil {
        // handle error
    }
 
    fmt.Println(string(body))
}

示例

/*
有关Http协议GET和POST请求的封装
*/
package net

import (
    "net/http"
    "io"
    "bytes"
    "encoding/json"
    "io/ioutil"
    "time"
)

//发送GET请求
//url:请求地址
//response:请求返回的内容
func Get(url string) (response string) {
    client := http.Client{Timeout: 5 * time.Second}
    resp, error := client.Get(url)
    defer resp.Body.Close()
    if error != nil {
        panic(error)
    }

    var buffer [512]byte
    result := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
    for {
        n, err := resp.Body.Read(buffer[0:])
        result.Write(buffer[0:n])
        if err != nil && err == io.EOF {
            break
        } else if err != nil {
            panic(err)
        }
    }

    response = result.String()
    return
}

//发送POST请求
//url:请求地址，data:POST请求提交的数据,contentType:请求体格式，如：application/json，这种方式json是在body中传递
//content:请求放回的内容
func Post(url string, data interface{}, contentType string) (content string) {
    jsonStr, _ := json.Marshal(data)
    req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", url, bytes.NewBuffer(jsonStr))
    req.Header.Add("content-type", contentType)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer req.Body.Close()

    client := &http.Client{Timeout: 5 * time.Second}
    resp, error := client.Do(req)
    if error != nil {
        panic(error)
    }
    defer resp.Body.Close()

    result, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    content = string(result)
    return
}

url

package main
import (
        "fmt"
        "net/url"
        "net/http"
        "io/ioutil"
        "log"
)
func main() {
        u, _ := url.Parse("http://localhost:9001/x")
        q := u.Query()
        q.Set("username", "user")
        q.Set("password", "passwd")
        u.RawQuery = q.Encode()
        res, err := http.Get(u.String());
        if err != nil {
              log.Fatal(err) return
        }
        result, err := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
        res.Body.Close()
        if err != nil {
              log.Fatal(err) return
        }
        fmt.Printf("%s", result)
}